It is my opinion that Dr Amaral’s premise is seriously flawed for a number of reasons, but mainly I think that his dismissal of abduction by a stranger in favour of criminal behaviour by Madeleine’s parents and friends just doesn’t hold water for me.
For example:
If there is no evidence of an abduction taking place neither is there evidence of death.
A death whether homicide or accident leaves a lot of evidence behind.
Abductions leave very little.
Technically, if a person is missing that equates with use of the term "abduction" irrespective of who the perpetrator might be. The amount of discussion which has taken place on this terminology is extraordinary.
The debate isn't whether or not she was abducted but who abducted her and if she is dead or alive.
The maxim: “an absence of evidence is not evidence of absence” is perhaps applicable here.
The majority of abductions leave very little if any evidence.
If a child is snatched it is unusual for it to be witnessed. For example child murderer Robert Black abducted and killed little girls over a period of many years and was only apprehended when an alert person saw a little girl passing a van and vanishing, took the registration and reported it to the police.
http://www.murderpedia.org/male.B/b/black-robert.htm “All I could see were her little feet standing next to the man's. Suddenly they vanished and I saw him making movements as if he were trying to stuff something under the dashboard. He got into the van, reversed up the driveway the child had just come from and sped off towards Edinburgh.
David Herkes had the presence of mind to take the vans registration number, and then quickly rang the police.
Police cars were promptly on the scene and the van's description was radioed to officers in the area.
Herkes remembers what happened next:
"I was standing near the spot where the child had been abducted, briefing the police and the girl's distraught father about what had happened. Suddenly I saw the van again and shouted 'That's him'.
The officer dashed into the road and the van swerved to avoid him before coming to a halt.”
http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/predators/black/blood_8.htmlBut for that sighting and intervention there would have been no evidence of abduction other than a missing child.
If Black’s MO had been followed, there might eventually have been evidence of death, although not necessarily.